Abstract. The present study is a pioneer in surveying the vegetation of Gash Delta, Eastern Sudan for medicinal uses. First, information is given on location, climate, soils and inhabitants. Plants of the area are then identifiedthroughfieldtrips and by using the botanical literature available. Using information obtained from inhabitants, coupled with those extracted from literature, medicinal plants of the study area are documented by botanical names and families. Information on the common diseases that are treated by the plants of the area are given. 30% of the whole number of plants of the area are found to have medicinal uses. These are documented with the diseases they treat and methods of application.